Presentation on the 20 solar villages
in
the South of Algeria
Introduction
Sonelgaz have gone down the solar route for some 20 villages in the rural
electrification programme with the aim of kick-starting the use of renewable,and
particularly photovoltaic, energies.
These villages, situated in the South, with a small number
of households, were typified by their isolation and
their remoteness from any communications network.
Supplying them by conventional
methods (diesel, transmission grid), in addition to excessive start-up costs,
would have posed the problem of trucking in the fuel, and in the case of the
grid, of undoubted difficulties in constructing and maintaining the overhead
lines .
Photovoltaic solar energy might
also constitute an alternative for a subsequent programme.
One of the strengths of PV is to
be found in its decentralised use, cutting out the cost of transporting the
energy produced.
This is particularly true for supplying isolated consumers in areas of low population density, where the demand consists essentially in satisfying basic energy requirements (light, refrigeration, pumps, television, radio).
Other notable characteristics of PV are:
- Modular design enabling it to be extended according to need;
- The possibility of developing small businesses in areas of low economic development;
- Protection of the environment;
- Limited capital assets, capable of being used flexibly and in a decentralised way, and of being moved about over longer periods of time.
Mean
production of photovoltaic systems in Algerian conditions:
in kWh/day.
Systèmes |
360 wc |
720 wc |
1440 wc |
Alger
|
1.9 |
3.8 |
7.6 |
Ghardaïa |
2.3 |
4.6 |
9.3 |
Tamanrasset |
2.5 |
5 |
10 |
Technical options :
The PV installations used are of the semi-collective type, of unit power 1.5, 3 or 6 kWpk, capable of supplying 3, 6 or 12 households respectively.
The PV kit will comprise 110 V dc PV modules; a 110 V dc regulator cabinet; a 230 V ac distribution cabinet; 110 V dc batteries; and 110 V dc / 230 V ac inverters.
Technical
specifications of the installations
The typical specifications of installed PV systems are as follows:
|
Installations (kWpk) |
D.c. voltage |
Batteries (Ah) |
Inverter (kVA) |
A.c. voltage (V ac) |
Useful energy (kWh/day) |
Number of households |
1.5 |
110 |
250 |
1.5 |
230 |
#7 |
3 |
3 |
110 |
500 |
3 |
230 |
#14 |
6 |
6 |
110 |
1000 |
6 |
230 |
#28 |
12 |
For a consumption per household estimated at around 1.5 kWh/day (minimum) to 2 kWh/day (maximum), representing the consumption of :
- 5 electric lights
- 1 refrigerator
- 1 TV/radio
- 1 fan
Physical
parameters of the programme:
The table below gives the key elements in the overall programme
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
No. of inverters |
Rating of inverters (kVA) |
|
|
|
||||||
|
No. |
No. |
No. |
No.
250 |
No.
500 |
No.
100 |
Nbr
1.5 |
Nbr
3 |
Nbr
6 |
|||||||||||
453 kwc |
453 Mwa |
75 500 Ah |
2174 kWh |
108 |
10 |
50 |
48 |
18 |
10 |
50 |
48 |
5940 |
108 |
10 |
50 |
48 |
9664 |
906 |
500Wpk |
*PS :
Puissance
*Rép : Réparation
*Cap : Capacité
*Prd : Production
This solar rural electrification involved 20 villages spread out among the 4 wilayas of the South: Tamanrasset, Tindouf, Illizi and Adrar. The physical parameters for this as follows:
Wilayas |
Peak power (Wpk) |
Number of systems |
Types of system |
Number of households |
||
1.5 kWpk |
3 kWpk |
6 kWpk |
||||
Tamanrasset |
277.5 |
60 |
3 |
23 |
34 |
555 |
Illizi |
75 |
20 |
6 |
6 |
8 |
150 |
Tindouf |
78 |
20 |
0 |
14 |
6 |
156 |
Adrar |
22.5 |
08 |
1 |
7 |
0 |
45 |
In addition to the acquisition of the range of electrical
equipment detailed above, setting up this programme required the following
factors to be taken into account:
|
Weight of the framework used |
Weight of the photovoltaic equipment |
No. of lorry journeys |
Volume of concrete used |
Amount of acid used |
# 468 tonnes |
# 330 tonnes |
# 100 rotations |
# 1872 mètres |
# 106 000 litres |
Energy assessment
Since commissioning, the overall consumption has reached the following levels:
|
Wilaya |
Consumption |
Tamanrasset |
149 703 kWh |
Illizi |
23813 kWh |
Tindouf |
85882 kWh |
Adrar |
25145 kWh |
Total |
284 543 kWh |
N.B.: The systems not yet set up in the following villages are not included:
- Mertoutek (W. Tamanrasset): connection capacity 45 households;
- Tadent (W.Illizi), where the civil engineering has been completed: connection capacity 45 households;
- Tala phase 2(Adrar),involving the problem of electrification of secondary residences: connection capacity 45 households.
The 20 villages involved are as follows:
|
|
District
|
|
No. of households set up
|
No. of systems per type |
||
1.5 kWpk |
3 kWpk |
6 |
||||
Tindouf |
Gara Djebilet |
Gara Djebilet |
66 |
0 |
9 |
1 |
Oum el assel |
Hassi mounir |
42 |
0 |
5 |
1 |
|
Tindouf |
Daya el khadra |
48 |
0 |
0 |
4 |
|
Adrar |
Timimoun |
Tala |
33 |
1 |
5 |
0 |
Metarfa |
Hamou moussa |
12 |
0 |
2 |
0 |
|
Illizi |
Illizi |
Tihahiout |
24 |
0 |
0 |
2 |
Ifni |
15 |
1 |
0 |
1 |
||
Imehrou |
33 |
1 |
3 |
1 |
||
Oued semen |
30 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
||
Tamadjart |
48 |
4 |
2 |
2 |
||
Tamanrasset |
Ain Amguel |
Moulay Lahsen |
18 |
0 |
1 |
1 |
Arak |
123 |
1 |
6 |
7 |
||
Idles |
Amguid |
102 |
0 |
1 |
8 |
|
Tamanrasset |
Indellagh |
30 |
0 |
1 |
2 |
|
Tahifet |
123 |
1 |
6 |
7 |
||
Tahernanet |
60 |
0 |
4 |
3 |
||